Muri Kamena uyu mwaka wa 2025, Ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’Imiti n’Ibiribwa mu Rwanda, (Rwanda FDA), cyatangaje ko gihagaritse itumizwa, ikwirakwizwa n’ikoreshwa ry’imiti yose y’ibinini yitwa RELIEF,yari isanzwe ikoreshwa kivuga ko itemewe.
Guhera mu mwaka wa 2019 kugeza 2023, Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Kugenzura Ibiribwa n’Imiti mu Rwanda (Rwanda FDA), cyakuye ku isoko imiti myinshi itujuje ubuziranenge cyangwa yinjijwe mu gihugu mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko.
Mu myaka ya 2023-2024 raporo z’iki kigo zigaragaza ko cyahagaritse imiti 14 n’ibyiciro bibiri byihariye birimo icy’imiti yo mu maso ya tetracycline, bitewe n’impungenge ku mutekano n’ubuziranenge.
Kuva 2019 kugeza 2023 imiti 106 yakuwe ku isoko. Izi gahunda zo gukura imiti ku isoko zagiye zigaruka ku bwoko butandukanye bw’imiti, aho 33% by’imiti yari ifite ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima, 50% yari ifite ibibazo byoroheje, naho 26.4% yaciwe ku isoko kubera kwandura cyangwa kudahuza n’amabwiriza y’ubuziranenge.
Nyamara ariko nubwo ibi byakozwe, ubucuruzi bw’imiti idafite ibyangombwa bukomeje gukwira mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu, cyane cyane mu ngo z’abaturage aho hari abacuruzi badafite uruhushya bacuruza imiti ivura indwara zitandukanye. Impungenge zikaba ari kuba hejuru yo gucuruza iyo miti mu buryo butemewe, imiti imwe n’imwe yakuwe ku isoko yaba nayo icuruzwa muri ubwo buryo bwa magendu, ubuzima bw’abayigura bukaba bwajya mu kaga.
Bitwaza gutura kure y’amavuriro …
Ahantu hakunze kugaragara iyi myitwarire ni mu turere duhanahana imbibi n’ibihugu by’amahanga nko mu turere twa Rusizi na Kirehe. Abaturage b’aho bavuga ko kuba serivisi z’ubuvuzi zikigoranye ku baturage bo mu byaro, bahitamo kugura imiti mu nzira zitemewe.
Kuri bamwe mu baturage b’akarere ka Kirehe bati: “urugendo rujya kuri farumasi cyangwa ivuriro rifite abakozi bemewe rutwara amafaranga menshi kandi rufata umwanya munini, bigatuma benshi bahitamo kugura imiti mu bacuruzi biyise abaganga,bayitemberana nta bumenyi na buke bayifiteho ndetse n’abayifata batayandikiwe na muganga wemewe.”
Kamana Augustin (izina yahinduwe) utuye mu karere ka Kirehe, mu ntara y’Iburasirazuba avuga uko bigenda.
Ati:“Mu mudugudu wacu hari umubyeyi utanga imiti itandukanye bitewe n’indwara umuntu afite. Njyewe yampaye imiti y’umutwe, afite n’ivura inzoka zo mu nda. Nubwo atize ibijyanye no kuvura kandi nta burenganzira afitiye bwo gucuruza imiti, aradufasha kandi tukanywa iyo miti tugakira.”
Alfred Habimana, undi muturage wo muri ako karere, we ahuza iyo mikorere n’ubukene.
Ati: “Hano iwacu ni kure yo mu mujyi ahabarizwa za Farumasi n’amavuriro. Bitewe no kubura amafaranga y’urugendo, duhitamo kwivuza mu buryo bwa magendu. Gutega moto bisaba amafaranga ibihumbi bitari munsi y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi birenga bitandatu(6000 frw).Duhitamo kugura imiti munsi y’ayo mafaranga n’ubwo uyiduha atari umuganga uzwi ariko tumugirira icyizere kuko icyo tuba dukeneye ari imiti kandi aba ayifite iwe mu rugo niho tumusanga.”
Iki kibazo cyagaragajwe n’abaganirije itangazamakuru kireba abaturage benshi cyane ko abacuruza iyo miti bazenguruka mu ngo no mu masoko atandukanye yo mu karere.
Umuyobozi w’akarere ka Kirehe, Bruno Rangira, avuga ko iki kibazo bakizi kandi ko gihangayikishije kuko kwivuza imiti utazi indwara bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
Ati: “Ingero twagiye tubona ni bamwe usanga bavura bihisha. Dukora ubugenzuzi iyo tubonye amakuru turabakurikirana bagahanwa,ariko ni igikorwa gikomeza kubera ababagana, bisaba ko dukomeza kubigisha”.
Akomeza agira ati: “Turimo kongera umubare w’aho abaturage bashobora kujya kuvurirwa, dufite poste de santé 42, kandi turimo kubaka izindi mu duce dutandukanye kugira ngo buri kagali kazabe gafite poste de santé nibura mu myaka ibiri iri imbere.”
Gusa ngo nubwo abavura mu buryo butemewe bafatirwa ibihano kandi bagakurikiranwa, ngo haracyakenewe gukomeza kubigisha kugira ngo bamenye ingaruka z’ibikorwa barimo n’ingaruka bigira ku buzima bw’ababifata.
Uretse Kirehe, muri Rusizi, mu ntara y’Iburengerazuba, naho ubucuruzi bw’imiti mu ngo bukomeje kuhagaragara, aho mu mirenge nka Nyakabuye, Bugarama, Gikundamvura na Mururu haboneka imiti itandukanye igurishwa mu ngo. Umuturage umwe yavuze ko ibinini bya malariya, umutwe, umuriro ndetse n’ibigabanya ubwandu bwa Virusi itera Sida n’ibindi bimwe bikigurishwa. Bamwe ngo bazana imiti bayikuye muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ngo hari n’igaragara iba yaraciwe ku isoko.
Mu rwego rwo gukumira iki kibazo, Leta y’u Rwanda yafashe ingamba zirimo gukaza amategeko, kongera ubugenzuzi ku mipaka no gukora ubukangurambaga ku ngaruka mbi zituruka ku gukoresha imiti itujuje ubuziranenge.
Ubufatanye mu kurwanya iyo magendu
Dr Janvier Mukiza umukozi muri Rwanda FDA asobanura ko icyo kigo gikorana na za farumasi mu igenzura rifasha mu gukura ku isoko imiti itemewe.
Ati: “’Ubundi imiti yinjira mu Rwanda turayigenzura,tuyiha ibyangombwa kugira ngo yinjire. Iyo umuti ugaragaye ku isoko ry’u Rwanda, atari umuti ukorerwa hano mu gihugu waratumijwe hanze, ariko mu bimenyetso byacu n’amakuru dufite tugasanga uwo muti nta wahanyuze, icyo gihe uba warinjiye mu buryo butemewe kandi imiti igira ingaruka nyinshi zikomeye,niyo mpamvu umuti winjiye Rwanda FDA itawuhaye ibyangombwa uhagarikwa hagakurikiranwa uburyo winjiye.”
Iryo genzura ntirireba iyo miti yinjiye bitemewe gusa, rinareba n’imiti yakuwe ku isoko kubera impamvu runaka. Rigera no muri za farumasi.
Dr Janvier ati: “ Itegeko rigena ko iyo umuti wose ukuwe ku isoko dukurikirana ahantu hose uri, bikaba binagorana ku muti winjiye mu buryo butazwi kuko ntabwo tuba tuzi ingano yinjiye uko ingana.Turakurikirana mu ma farumasi hirya no hino haba abadandaza n’abaranguza umuti wose ukava ku isoko.”
Gusa na none iryo kurikirana ni ikintu kitoroshye kandi gisaba ubushobozi, akaba ariyo mpamvu icyo kigo gikomeza gushyiramo imbaraga kugira ngo kigere ahantu hose mu gihugu hakumirwa imiti itemewe kandi mu bufatanye. Ababonye aho imiti igurishwa bitemewe, basabwa gutanga amakuru mu buryo butandukanye nko guhamagara umurongo utishyurwa 9707, kwandika kuri imeyili: info@rfda.gov.rw cyangwa ku rubuga rwa whatsapp +250788457545
Umuti waciwe uteza akaga ku buzima
Inzobere mu ndwara zo mu mubiri, Dr Menelas Nkeshimana, avuga ku ngaruka mbi ku buzima bw’uwanyoye imiti yaciwe ku isoko kubera ko itujuje ubuziranenge.
Ati: “Imiti ishobora gucika kubera ko itujuje ubuziranenge.Ushobora kwibeshya ugafata umuti urimo ubumara,wakozwe nabi ukavanwaho kubera ikibazo cya bimwe mu bintu biwugize.Indwara wari ufite irakomeza,ahubwo n’ingaruka za wa muti ziyongereho.”
Nk’uko Dr Menelas akomeza abivuga, bene uwo muti uramutse uwucuruza ubu, abantu bakawugura kuko bigeze kuwukoresha kera, uba ushyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga.
Mu bihe bitandukanye, polisi y’u Rwanda yafatanye abaturage amoko y’ imiti yacururizwaga mu ngo yinjiye mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko n’indi itaragaragaraga ku rutonde rw’imiti yemewe gucururizwa mu Rwanda irimo: Indocid , Omeprazole, Coartem , Lufedol, Pracetamol , Amoxiciline , Ibuprophene , Ampisciline na Calcium nk’uko bigaragara ku rubuga rwa internet rwa Polisi y’igihugu.
Dr Menelas asaba abaturage kwirinda kwivuza mu buryo bwa magendu, bakajya babanza kugana ibitaro cyangwa amavuriro byemewe batagendeye ku rugendo bakora bajyayo cyangwa amafaranga bibatwara. Kuri we ubuzima ntibugira igiciro kandi igiciro cyo kwivuza ingaruka zatewe no gufata imiti itemewe kiruta kure igiciro cyakwifashishwa umuntu yivuza mu buryo bwemewe kandi bwizewe.
INKURU YA NYIRANGARUYE Clementine
